This instruction calculates a 2-bit value by rotating the source register right by `imm32` bits and taking the 2 least significant bits (the value of the source register is unaffected). The result is stored in the `fprc` register. This changes the rounding mode of all subsequent floating point instructions.
#### 5.4.2 CBRANCH
This instruction performs a conditional jump in the Program Buffer. It uses an implicit integer register operand `creg`. This register is determined based on preceding instructions. For this purpose, the VM assigns each integer register two tag values:
This instruction adds an immediate value `cimm` (constructed from `imm32`, see below) to the destination register and then performs a conditional jump in the Program Buffer based on the value of the destination register. The target of the jump is the instruction following the instruction when register `dst` was last modified.
* `lastUsed` - the index of the instruction when the register was last modified. The initial value at the start of each program iteration is `-1`, meaning the register is unmodified.
* `count` - the number of times the register has been selected as the operand of a CBRANCH instruction. The initial value at the start of each program iteration is `0`.
A register is considered as modified by an instruction in the following cases:
At the beginning of each program iteration, all registers are considered to be unmodified. A register is considered as modified by an instruction in the following cases:
* It is the destination register of an integer instruction except IMUL_RCP and ISWAP_R.
* It is the destination register of IMUL_RCP and `imm32` is not zero or a power of 2.
* It is the source or the destination register of ISWAP_R and the destination and source registers are distinct.
* The CBRANCH instruction is considered to modify all integer registers.
There are 3 rules for the selection of the `creg` register, evaluated in this order:
1. The register with the lowest value of `lastUsed` tag is selected.
1. In case multiple registers have the same value of the `lastUsed` tag, the register with the lowest value of the `count` tag is selected from them.
1. In case multiple registers have the same values of both `lastUsed` and `count` tags, the register with the lowest index is selected (`r0` before `r1` etc.) from them.
Whenever a register is selected as the operand of a CBRANCH instruction, its `count` tag is increased by 1.
If register `dst` has not been modified yet, the jump target is the first instruction in the Program Buffer.
The CBRANCH instruction performs the following steps:
1. A constant `b` is calculated as `mod.cond + RANDOMX_JUMP_OFFSET`.
1. A constant `cimm` is constructed as sign-extended `imm32` with bit `b` set to 1 and bit `b-1` set to 0 (if `b > 0`).
1. `cimm` is added to `creg`.
1. If bits `b` to `b + RANDOMX_JUMP_BITS - 1` of `creg` are zero, execution jumps to instruction `creg.lastUsed + 1` (the instruction following the instruction where `creg` was last modified).
1. `cimm` is added to the destination register.
1. If bits `b` to `b + RANDOMX_JUMP_BITS - 1` of the destination register are zero, the jump is executed (target is the instruction following the instruction where `dst` was last modified).
Bits in immediate and register values are numbered from 0 to 63 with 0 being the least significant bit. For example, for `b = 10` and `RANDOMX_JUMP_BITS = 8`, the bits are arranged like this:
`S` is a copied sign bit from `imm32`. `M` denotes bits of `imm32`. The 9th bit is set to 0 and the 10th bit is set to 1. This value would be added to `creg`.
`S` is a copied sign bit from `imm32`. `M` denotes bits of `imm32`. The 9th bit is set to 0 and the 10th bit is set to 1. This value will be added to `dst`.
The second line uses `X` to mark bits of `creg` that would be checked by the condition. If all these bits are 0 after adding `cimm`, the jump is executed.
The second line uses `X` to mark bits of `dst` that will be checked by the condition. If all these bits are 0 after adding `cimm`, the jump is executed.
The construction of the CBRANCH instruction ensures that no inifinite loops are possible in the program.
tevador
5 years ago